Millions of pilgrims from all over the world converge on Makkah every year. They retrace the footsteps of millions who have made the spiritual journey to the valley of Makkah since the time of the first Prophet Adam (peace be upon him).
Hajj literally means, “To strive continuously to reach one’s goal.” It is the last of the five pillars of Islam (the rest includes a declaration of faith in Allah, the five daily prayers, offering Zakah and fasting during the month of Ramadan). Pilgrimage is an once-in-a-lifetime obligation for those who have the physical and financial ability to undertake the journey.
Hajj is essentially a re-enactment of the rituals of the great Prophets and Messengers (peace be upon them). Pilgrims symbolically relive the experience of exile and atonement undergone by the wife of Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham), Hajar, as she ran between the hills of Safa and Marwa searching for water for her thirsty baby. She was answered with the well of Zamzam. Lastly, the pilgrims also commemorate the sacrifice of Ibrahim (peace be upon him) for the sake of Allah.
Yet, the Hajj is more than these elaborate rituals. It brings about a deep spiritual transformation, one that will make the pilgrim a better person.
In the Islamic tradition, Hajj encapsulates this spiritual journey toward this essence. The current state of affairs —both within and outside the Muslim world— greatly increases the relevance of some of the spiritual and universal messages inherent in the Hajj.
Indeed, the Qur’an teaches:
Never will I allow to be lost the work of [any] worker among you, whether male or female; you are of one another. (Aal `Imran 3:195)
Clearly, you see the white sea of men and women side by side performing tawaf (circumambulation) around Ka`bah. The fact that millions of Muslims transcending geographical, linguistic, level of practice, cultural, ethnic, color, economic and social barriers converge in unison on Makkah, attests to the universality of the Hajj. It plants the seed to celebrate the diversity of our common humanity. Pilgrims return home enriched by this more pluralistic and holistic outlook and with a new appreciation for their own origins.
One of the most celebrated Western pilgrims (one who has completed the Hajj), the African-American civil rights leader El-Hajj Malik El-Shabbaz, profoundly reassessed his previous views during the Hajj. This transformation, of course, sealed his break with the Black Nationalist Movement of the Nation of Islam.
Contrary to the teachings of the Nation, he concluded that Islam encompassed all of humanity and transcended race and culture. He says: “In my 39 years on this Earth, the holy city of Makkah had been the first time I had ever stood before the Creator of all and felt like a complete human.”
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In Islam, an impoverished person stands next to the rich and a servant stands next to his master in prayer and Hajj.
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