Sawm – Fasting
Fasting in Ramadan is one of the pillars of Islam, fasting is an obligatory act during the month of Ramadan. Almighty Allah says:
O you who believe, fasting is prescribed for you as it was for those before you, that you may attain piety. (Al-Baqarah2:183)
Muslims must abstain from food, drink and sexual intercourse from dawn to dusk, and are to be especially mindful of other sins. Fasting is both a spiritual and physical exercise which allows Muslims to seek nearness to Allah, to express their gratitude to Allah and dependence on Him, to atone for their past sins, and to remind them of the needy.
During Ramadan, Muslims are also expected to put more effort into following the teachings of Islam by refraining from violence, anger, envy, greed, lust, harsh language and gossip, and to try to get along with each other better than normal. In addition, all obscene and irreligious sights and sounds are to be avoided. If he does not control himself and avoid evil deeds, his fast will not bring him any benefit nor reward from Allah. Fasting throughout Ramadan trains one to control their desires and strengthen their will-power.
For those whom fasting is dangerous and excessively problematic, fasting during Ramadan is not obligatory and is even forbidden in some cases. These include pre-pubescent children, those with a medical condition such as diabetes, elderly people and pregnant or breastfeeding women. Observing fasts is not permitted for menstruating women. Other individuals, for whom it is considered acceptable to break the fast, are those who are ill or on a travel. Missing fasts usually must be made up soon afterwards, although the exact requirements vary according to circumstance.
5. Hajj – Pilgrimage
Hajj or pilgrimage is a pillar of Islam that every capable Muslim must perform once in a lifetime. The annual pilgrimage to blessed Makkah is obligatory at least once in a lifetime on every Muslim who is financially and physically able. Almighty Allah says:
And Hajj to the House (Ka`bah) is a duty that mankind owes to Allah, those who can afford the expenses. (Aal `Imran 3:97)
No annual event on the face of the globe, religious or non-religious, compares to Hajj in terms of the sheer number of participants from all parts of the world, duration of the event and the breadth of agenda. In spite of this fact, it has always remained equally fascinating and mysterious to not only non-Muslims, who are barred from entering the holy city, but also to millions of Muslims, who had not performed Hajj.
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In Islam, the term ‘worship’ refers to any deed that one does within the teachings of Islam seeking the Pleasure of Allah.
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